}UPOSTSCRIL}.mt 1.5" .oj off .rm 3.4" .co 2 0.2" 0404 vHD4pe All of the Western Australian caves which have been open to the public, and hence sufficiently well-known to occur frequently on postcards, are clustered within a coastal strip in the extreme South-west. Although a number of quite discrete localities are represented, series of cards often included views from all areas, and so it is useful to cluster them together. The major caves and cave areas included here are : Yanchep Crystal Cave Yonderup Cave Silver Stocking Cabaret Yallingup Margaret River Mammoth Cave Lake Cave Witchcliffe Cave Calgardup Cave Bride's Cave Golgotha Blackboy Hollow Cave The caves of the South-west are found in an area of relatively young dune limestones, i.e., limestones formed by the hardening through calcification of old sand-dunes. This is a quite soft rock, and the caves formed in it are often characterised by a great deal of breakdown forming boulder heaps. Some of the caves have been formed along a stream, often one which existed before the limestone was established and caves formed. This is the first place in the world where it was recognised that caves may be actually formed while consolidation of the rock containing them is proceeding (Jennings 1968). Many of the caves are richly decorated with stalactites and similar forms. Although some caves had been known from the very early days of settlement, it was not until the end of the 19th Century that some of the more beautiful caves were found. As a result of pressure from local residents to ensure the protection of the caves and their proper management for tourism, the government of the day established a committee of enquiry in 1899, and then as a result of the committee's report, established the Caves Board of Western Australia. The establishment of the board was formally gazetted on 29th. December 1900 and the first meeting was held on 31st. January 1901. 804 /@vHDW. Aust. : South-West vHD/@ The Caves Board built the necessary steps and pathways to enable public access to the caves, appointed caretakers and guides, and progressively installed electric lighting. A Caves Hotel was established at Yallingup, and tours of the caves soon became a popular attraction. By 1911, when the Caves Board was disbanded and its functions absorbed into the State Hotels Board, 13 caves were open to the public and a wide range of tours offered, including extended tours taking in visits to all caves. A plethora of publicity material, including a large number of semi-official postcards, was published by the Caves Board and then by the tourist department (which operated under a number of titles). We deal with these first, and have utilised the classification developed by Pope and Thomas (1982). There were some errors in their actual listing, and we include here only those cards which we have seen or have been reliably reported to us. Perusal of the annual reports of the Caves Board show that three series of postcards were published ; the first two both in 1904 and the third was first reported in 1908, but we have examples dated 1907. Not surprisingly, Pope and Thomas were unaware of the first series, as these have no publisher imprint. We identify them as the first only by recognising Morison's negatives and the early dates of use. 1. CAVES BOARD FIRST SERIES Pu| Caves Board of Western Australia Ph| Mr. Morison, Survey Branch of the Lands Department, is acknowledged in the 2nd. report of the Caves Board, and two (1.5, 1.8) of the images used on postcards are from the same negatives as his views reproduced in that report ; it is likely that he was responsible for the others, but not necessarily all. Fz Photograph occupies approx. 3/4 of card with one short margin being particularly wide; title in lower margin ; back is undivided with only words 'Post Card'. Most readily recognised in that the first phrase of title is in bold caps. Cards are generally brown, but one example of each of 1.4 and 1.8 are black on white. The brown colour may well be due to ageing of the stock. _ DvHD 1.1 "EAGLE'S WINGS," Mammoth Cave, Western Australia. V [pm. 15 Feb.1905] 1.2 "SHAWLS," Yallingup Cave, Western Australia. H [pm.1 June 1904] 1.3 "SHAWLS," Yallingup Cave, Western Australia. V [pm.26 May 1905] 804 /@_ DW. Aust. : South-West _ D/@ 1.4 "THE FOLDED SHAWL," Yallingup Cave, Western Australia. V [pm.16 Dec.1904] SAME on white card [pm.19 Mar.1904] Message says "May the warm shawl of prosperity protect thee from the cold blasts of adversity" (!) 1.5 "The SUSPENDED DOME," Calgardup Cave, Western Australia. H [pm.17 Mar.1904] 1.6 "SUSPENDED TABLE," Lake Cave, Western Australia. H [pm.4 Aug.1904] 1.7 "The CATHEDRAL," Mammoth Cave, Western Australia. V 1.8 "BROKEN COLUMN," Blackboy Hollow Cave, Western Australia. V [pm.19 Mar.1904] Sender says "May thy happiness remain un- broken". Same sender and addressee as above example of 1.4. 1.9 "The POULTRY SHOW", Wallcliffe Cave, Western Australia. V 1.10 "A PASSAGE", Yallingup Cave, Western Australia. V vHD_ D 2. CAVES BOARD SECOND SERIES (Pope & Thomas Type 1) [1904] Pu| Caves Board of Western Australia Ph| Morison was responsible for at least 2.6 Fz Photograph occupies about 3/4 of card ; title is superimposed on photograph in white ; front also has general title 'Western Australian Caves' ; undivided back with words 'Issued by the Caves Board of Western Australia.' _ DvHD 2.1 CRYSTAL FLOOR. YALLINGUP CAVE W.A. H [pm.5 Nov.1906] This is s.n.a. the illustration on p. 335 of Johnson et al., 1911. 2.2 SHAWLS, YALLINGUP CAVE. W.A. H [pm.20 Jan.1907] 2.3 CAVE HOUSE YALLINGUP, W.A. H [pm.5 Jun.1907] 2.4 SUSPENDED TABLE, LAKE CAVE. W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.6) [pm.Aug.1905] 2.5 BLACKBOY HOLLOW CAVE. W.A. H [pm.1 Jan.1907] 2.6 QUEEN'S CROWN BLACKBOY HOLLOW CAVE W.A. V 2.7 EXTERIOR OF WITCHCLIFFE CAVE W.A. H [ms.20 Aug.1906] 2.8 EAGLE'S WINGS / MAMMOTH CAVE. W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.1) [2 Aug.1905] 2.9 ARAB'S TENT. YALLINGUP. W.A. V 2.10 METEORIC SHOWER. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H [pm.16 Oct.1905] vHD_ D 3. CAVES BOARD THIRD SERIES (Pope & Thomas Type 2) [1907-8] Pu| Caves Board of Western Australia Fz Photograph completely fills card ; title is superimposed on view in a wide variety of type- faces ; divided back with Black Swan emblem. Printed in sepia unless otherwise noted. In some of the cards we have seen from this series, the card stock has aged to a brown hue. 804 _ DvHD 3.1 Bride's Cave / Western Australia / (Copyright) V 3.2 The "Stocking" / Ballroom Cave / Yanchep. V [pm.10 Sep.1910] 3.3 "Kiosk" / Mammoth Cave / Western Australia. H 3.4 Lovers Walk. / Yallingup Caves / Western Australia H [ms. 22 Dec.1908] 3.5 ENTRANCE TO YALLINGUP CAVE. W.A. H [pm. 28 Oct.1908] 3.6 Descent to / Bride's Cave / Western / Australia H [ms.2 Dec.1908] 3.7 "Cauliflower" / Yallingup Cave W.A. /(Copyright) H [pm.30 Sep.1907] 3.8 "Suspended Table" / Lake Cave / Western Australia. V (B.& W.) [ms.16 July 1908] 3.9 Cave House / Yallingup / Western Australia H [pm.6 Jan.1911] 3.10 "Roberta Hall" / Golgotha Cave / Western Australia / (Copyright) H 3.11 CRYSTAL TERRACE. /MAMMOTH CAVE. W.A. V (B.& W.) [pm.12 Sep.1908] 3.12 View from "Cave House" / Yallingup (Western Australia.) V (with sea tinted blue) vHD_ D We also have two of these views (3.1, 3.10) printed on heavy paper with a slight gloss. The back is printed as an advertising brochure for the Caves Board coupon system, and provides a useful overview of the nature of the coupon system. 4. IMMIGRATION, TOURIST AND GENERAL INFORMATION DEPARTMENT SERIES [n.l. 1911] Pu| Immigration, Tourist and General Information Department Pr' Govt Litho (imprint on face of card) Fz As South-west 3, but Caves Board imprint is replaced by the words 'Issued by the Immigration, Tourist and General Information Department of Western Australia' Cards may be printed in sepia (S) OR green (G). 4A has no control mark (Pope & Thomas type 1) while 4B has control mark D6284/11 (Pope & Thomas type 2) _ DvHD 4A.1 FOLDED SHAWL. YALLINGUP CAVE. W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.4) (S) [pm.30 Apr.1911] 4A.2 Lovers Walk / Yallingup Cave, Western Australia. H (s.n.a. 3.4) (N.B., no imprint on face of card) 4A.3 View from Cave House, Yallingup, Western Australia H (known with back in both blue and black [pm.4 Apr.1912]) 4A.4 Eagle's Wings / Mammoth Cave. W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.1) (G) [pm.23 Jun.1911] 4A.5 ENTRANCE TO LAKE CAVE. W.A. H (G, S) 4A.6 Crystal Terrace, Mammoth Cave, W.A. V [pm.16 Aug.1911] (s.n.a. 3.11, back printed in blue) 804 4A.7 THE PULPIT. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (S) (Back of card printed in blue.) 4A.8 (Suspended Table, Lake Cave) H (s.n.a. 1.6) (S) 4A.9 The "Stocking" / Ballroom Cave / Yanchep. V (s.n.a. 3.2) (S) [pm.14 Nov.1911] 4A.10 BROKEN COLUMN. / BLACKBOY HOLLOW CAVE. W.A. V (S) (s.n.a. 1.8) 4B.6 Crystal Terrace, Mammoth Cave, W.A. V (s.n.a. 2.13) [pm. 1912] (S,G,B) 4B.11 CAVE HOUSE YALLINGUP, W.A. H [pm.9 Sep.1911] vHD_ D 5. GOVERNMENT TOURIST AND PUBLICITY BUREAU SERIES (not listed by Pope & Thomas) Pu| W.A. Government Tourist and Publicity Bureau Pr' Government Printer Fz Photo has margin all sides, with title in lower margin. Printed in brown(B) or green(G). Back has control mark 'p 5001/22'. _ DvHD 5.1 Meteoric Shower, Calgardup H (s.n.a. 2.10) (B) 5.2 Lake Cave H (B) 5.3 The Theatre, Yallingup Cave H (B) 5.4 Folded Shawls, Yallingup V (s.n.a. 1.4) (G) This is s.n.a. the illustration on p. 336 of Johnson et al., 1911. vHD_ D 6. STATE TOURIST BUREAU SERIES Pu/ W.A. State Tourist Bureau PrP Government Printer F Various as below - Back has imprint 'On Sale at the State Tourist Bureau, Perth, W.A.' e   6A - Back has imprint 'Issued by the State Tourist Bureau, Perth, W.A.' - no control mark q  6B - control mark *8,   6C - control mark 'k5224/17'*8U 6D - Back has imprint 'Issued by the West Australian Tourist Bureau, Medical Building, Murray St., Perth' together with Telephone no. (A4151) and control mark 'm12486/20z  6E 6A. (Pope & Thomas Type 1) [n.l.1914] Cards have wide margins at top and bottom (if V); horizontal cards have varying margins ; printed in dark green ; title generally superimposed. 804 /@vHDW. Aust. : South-West _ D/@ 6A.1 EAGLE'S WINGS/MAMMOTH CAVE, W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.1) [pm.14 Jan.1914] 6A.2 ARAB'S TENT, YALLINGUP. W.A. V (s.n.a. 2.9) 6A.3 SUSPENDED TABLE, LAKE CAVE. W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.6) (title in lower margin) 6A.4 METEORIC SHOWER. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.10) (no margins) 6A.5 FOLDED SHAWL. YALLINGUP C. W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.4) vHD_ D 6B. (Pope & Thomas Type 2)_ DvHD 6B.6 CRYSTAL TERRACE, MAMMOTH CAVE V (s.n.a. 3.11) 6B.8 THE PULPIT. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 4.7) vHD_ D 6C. (Pope & Thomas Type 3) [n.l. 1920] Cards have medium margins all round ; title is superimposed on view in a variety of typefaces._ DvHD 6C.1 EAGLE'S WINGS / MAMMOTH CAVE. W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.1) 6C.3 (suspended table) LAKE CAVE, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.6) (title in lower margin) [ms.26 Nov.1920] 6C.4 METEORIC SHOWER CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.10) [ms.26 Nov.1920] 6C.6 CRYSTAL TERRACE. / MAMMOTH CAVE, W.A. V (s.n.a. 3.11) 6C.7 CAVE HOUSE YALLINGUP H [ms.23 Nov.1920] 6C.8 THE PULPIT. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 4.7) 6C.9 CRYSTAL FLOOR. YALLINGUP CAVE. W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.1) [ms.24 Nov.1920] 6C.10 LOVER'S WALK / YALLINGUP. V [pm.5 Oct.1927 - in U.K.] This is s.n.a. the illustration on p. 339 of Johnson et al., 1911. vHD_ D6D. (Pope & Thomas Type 4) [1917?]_ DvHD 6D.3 (suspended table) LAKE CAVE H (s.n.a. 1.6) (title in lower margin) 6D.4 METEORIC SHOWER CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.10) 6D.6 CRYSTAL TERRACE. / MAMMOTH CAVE, W.A. V (s.n.a. 3.11) 6D.7 CAVE HOUSE YALLINGUP H (title superimposed) 6D.8 THE PULPIT. CALGARDUP CAVE W.A. H (s.n.a. 4.7) 6D.9 CRYSTAL FLOOR. YALLINGUP CAVE. W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.1) vHD_ D6E. (Not recorded by Pope & Thomas) [1921-25]_ DvHD 6E.11 THE CELEBRATED LAKE CAVE, MARGARET RIVER, WESTERN AUSTRALIA H [lower margin title printed in red] vHD_ D The name 'Western Australian Tourist Bureau' first came into use when the Bureau was established under that name in 1921 ; the first director, S.J. Hayward, commenced duty on 1st. April of that year. We thus accord an early limit of 1921 to dating this card, and it is also established that the telephone number on the card no longer operated in 1925. 804 /@vHDW. Aust. : South-West vHD/@ 7. ROYAL SERIES [n.l.1933] Although commercially published, this series of cards use the same images as the semi-official series. Pu| A.J. Ratcliffe, Perth Fz Photograph with white margin all round ; title and series name in lower margin. Each card is numbered and we have incorporated these in our own number. _ DvHD 7.37 Cave House, Yallingup, W.A. H (s.n.a. 6.7) 7.38 Crystal Floor, Yallingup Cave, W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.1) [ms.19 Nov.1933] 7.39 Suspended Dome, Calgardup Cave, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.5) 7.40 Crystal Terrace, Mammoth Cave, W.A. V (s.n.a. 3.11) 7.41 Arab's Tent, Yallingup Cave, W.A. V (s.n.a. 2.9) 7.42 Lover's Walk, Yallingup, W.A. H 7.43 Eagle's Wings, Mammoth Cave, W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.1) 7.44 Shawls in Yallingup Cave, W.A. H (s.n.a. 2.2) 7.45 Approach to Caves House, Yallingup H 7.46 Folded Shawl, Yallingup Cave, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.4) 7.47 The Pulpit, Calgardup Cave, W.A. H (s.n.a. 4.7) vHD_ D These same views also appear in a souvenir booklet by Ratcliffe entitled "Souvenir of/the Caves/Western Australia". It appears, from the print styles used, to have been published in the 1920's. SUMMARY TABLE : Overview of negatives. The statements of multiple use of negatives above and this table are both extremely tentative, as any cards which we have not seen cannot be conclusively identified. _ DvHD Yanchep Stocking Vt 3.2, 4.9 Yallingup Cave Shawls Hx  1.2 Shawls Vx  1.3 Shawls Hx  2.2, 7.44 Folded Shawl Vf  1.4, 4.1, 5.4, 6.5, 7.46 Crystal Floor H  2.1, 6.9, 7.38 Cauliflower H|  3.7 Arab's Tent Vw  2.9, 6.2, 7.41 Theatre HU  5.3 Passage V?  1.10 Wallcliffe Cave Poultry Show5  1.9 804 Yallingup Landscapes Lover's Walk He  3.4, 4.2 Lover's Walk Ve  6.10 Lover's Walk He  7.42 Cave Entrance 3  3.5 Cave House Hn  2.3 Cave House Hn  3.9 Cave House Hn  4.11 ? Cave House Hn  6.7, 7.37 View from C. House V3 3.12 View from C. House H 4.3 Approach to C. House H7 7.45 Mammoth Cave Eagle's Wings V!  1.1, 2.8, 4.4, 6.1, 7.43 Cathedral V0  1.7 Kiosk H]  3.3 Crystal Terrace V\  3.11, 4.6, 6.6, 7.40 Calgardup Cave Suspended Dome|  1.5, 7.39 Meteoric Shower HL  2.8, 5.1, 6.4 Pulpit H[  4.7, 6.8, 7.47 Lake Cave Suspended Table HX  1.6, 2.4, 4.8, 6.3 Suspended Table VX  3.8 Entrance Ht 4.5 Cave H!  5.2 Cave H!  6.11 Blackboy Hollow Broken Column V3  1.8, 4.10 Cave H!  2.5 Queen's Crown VJ  2.6 Golgotha Cave Roberta Hall H3  3.10 Bride's Cave Descent E  3.6 Cave V!  3.1 Witchcliffe Cave Exterior H'   2.7 804 Probably 8 7. GOVERNMENT PRINTER SERIES (not listed in Pope & Thomas) Pr' Government Printer Fz Real photo card - margin all round with title and printer imprint in lower margin   7A - with imprint in black on white label superimposed on picture_   7B - Half-tone print with 'Govt.Litho' imprint on picture and 'Govt. Print' on back 6C _ D_ D 7A.1 Lake Cave, Margaret River, W.A. H   K-D(M) 7A.2 Yallingup Cave HX   K-D(V) 7A.3 Visitors leaving Cave House, Yallingup, W.A. H n K-D(N) 7B.2 Blackboy Hollow Cave, W.A. V +   K-D(N) @:04 This is s.n.a. the illustration on p.338 of Johnson et al, 1911. 7B.3 "The Sentinel" /Golgotha Cave/Western Australia V f K-D(N) 7B.4 Eagle's Wings /Mammoth Cave. W.A. V n  K-D(N) 7B.5 Shawls Yallingup Cave W.A. V Q   K-D 7C.6 Cave House, Yallingup H [ms.7 May 1914] 8. FOY & GIBSON SERIES Pu Foy & Gibson Pr In Germany F Collotype print from photographs ; wide margin at lower wide of picture with title in margin. Two styles of back as below. Words 'Post Card' on back vary in length and printer imprint variously appears as 'Made in Germany' or 'Printed in Germany' but only one style seems to occur for each view. Pocock (1986) records two further scenes - Yallingup Cave and the Pulpit in Calgardup Cave. 8A. (Undivided back) [1905] 8A.1 Entrance to Lake Cave W.A. H (s.n.a. 3.5) 8A.2 View from Witchcliffe Cave W.A. H [pm.19 May 1905] 8A.3 Cave House Yallingup W.A. V [pm.7 Jun.1906] 8A.4 A Cave Roof Margaret River Caves W.A. [pm. 3 Feb.1906] 8A.5 The Cathedral, Margaret River Caves, W.A. V [pm.28 May 1906] 8A.6 The Poultry Show, Wallcliffe Cave, W.A. V [pm.28 May 1906] 8A.7 Margaret River Cave W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1)[pm.Jan.1905] 8A.8 Stalactites Yallingup Cave W.A. H [pm.14 Jun.1905] 8A.9 A Cascade Margaret River Caves W.A. V [pm.29 Nov.1905] 8A.10 The Arab's Tent Yallingup Cave W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.19) [pm.29 Aug.1905] 8A.11 Shawls Yallingup Cave W.A. V 8A.12 Cave House Yallingup W.A. H 8A.13 Shawls Yallingup Cave W.A. H (note : guide appears in view) 8A.14 A Roof View Margaret River Caves W.A. V [pm.28 May 1907] 8B. (Divided Back) [1905] 8B.1 Entrance to Lake Cave. W.A. H (s.n.a. 3.5) [pm.8 Aug.1905] 8B.2 View from Witchcliffe Cave W.A. H [pm.Jul.1906] 8B.3 Cave House. Yallingup W.A. V [pm.13 Nov.1906] 8B.4 A Cave Roof. Margaret River Caves W.A. H [pm.2 Sep.1905] 8B.5 The Cathedral. Margaret River Caves W.A. V [pm.Dec.1905] 8B.6 The Poultry Show. Wallcliffe Cave W.A. V [pm.16 Mar.1906] W. Aust. : South-West 8B.7 Margaret River Cave W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) [pm.18 Jan.1906] 8B.8 Stalactites Yallingup Cave W.A. H 8B.9 A Cascade Margaret River Caves W.A. V [pm.2 Aug.1906] 8B.10 The Arab's Tent. Yallingup Cave W.A. V (s.n.a. 1.19) [pm.16 Apr.1906] 8B.11 Shawls. Yallingup Cave W.A. V 8B.12 Cave House Yallingup W.A. H 8B.13 Shawls Yallingup Cave W.A. H [pm.2 Sep.1905] 8B.14 A Roof View Margaret River Caves W.A. V [pm.29 Apr.1908] 8B.15 Shawls Yallingup Cave W.A. H [pm.29 Aug.1906] (Note : Guide not shown in this view) 9. P. FALK & CO. SERIES [n.l.1909] Pu P. Falk & Co. Pr In Great Britain F Coloured picture printed with wide margin all round. Divided back 9.1 Entrance to Lake Cave, Margaret River, W.A. H [pm.14 Oct.1910] 9.2 Entrance to Mammoth Cave, Margaret River, W.A. H [ms.20 July 1909] 9.3 Lover's walk, Yallingup, W.A. H [pm.1914] 9.4 Accomodation House, Yallingup Caves, W.A. H [pm.27 Oct.1909] 9.5 On the road to Margaret River Caves, W.A. V [pm.12 Dec.1911] 9.6 "Ellensbrooke" Accomodation House, Margaret River Caves, W.A. H [ms.31 Jul.1911] 9.7 South-west Coast scene near Yallingup, W.A. (No.1) H [pm.30 Dec.1909] 9.8 South-west Coast scene near Yallingup, W.A. (No.2) H (Although not obviously related to caves, these last two cards depict the junction between the limestone and the gneiss basement rock which is an important element in shaping the caves of the South-west.) Dr. Derek Pocock, who has studied the cards of Western Australia, reports that the cards we list by Falk are the only cave cards he has seen in this series, of which some 205 pictures are recorded to date. Two other series by Falk, one of 254 pictures and the other of 98, utilise the same series of pictures in general, but `Pl04 the cave cards do not appear. Many other cards seen by us and listed below cannot be related to a particular photographer or publisher. In most instances, we also have no evidence of dating - so some may in fact be more recent than the scope of this work is intended to include. W. Aust. : South-West 11. (unidentified) (n.e. 1930) These cards are said to be advertising cards for the Caves Hotel, and would certainly serve that function, but we have no evidence that they were actually published by the hotel. They depict the present building, erected in 1930 after a fire destroyed the original wooden structure. F Either Half-tone with wide white margins & printed back (11A) or real photo with medimum margins (11B). Both have title in lower margin printed in sans-serif Roman caps. The two formats may well be quite separate series but are similar in style. The cars shown in two of the cards (11A.1 & 11B.2) are very similar and possibly identical - they indicate a photograph date in the 1930's. 11A.1 Cave House, Yallingup, W.A. H [ms.4 Jan.1951] 11B.2 The Terrace, Caves House, Yallingup, W.A. H K-D 11B.3 Lounge, Caves House, Yallingup, W.A. H K-D 12. (unidentified) F Photograph with narrow white margin on 3 sides ; slightly wider on lower edge with title printed in sans-serif Roman caps. Back may be printed (A) or rubber-stamped "Post Card" (B) See also ser. 30. One is printed on a Kodak back (C) 12A.1 Jewelled City, Yanchep Caves, W.A. H 804 12B.1 Jewelled City, Yanchep Caves, W.A. H 12B.2 Cabaret Cave, Yanchep, W.A. The Entrance H 12B.3 "Suspended Columns", Yanchep Caves, W.A. H 12B.4 "The Elephant's Foot", Yanchep Caves, W.A. H 12C.5 "The Shrine, Yanchep Caves, W.A. H K-D 13. (unidentified) F As series 12, but different type-face. 13.1 Interior Cabaret Cave, Yanchep, W.A. H K-D 13.2 "The Octopus," Yanchep Caves, W.A. V K-D 13.3 "Fairy Land," Yanchep Caves, W.A. H K-D Some comment is warranted by Cabaret Cave. This is basically a cave with one large room. During the depression of the 1930's, a gang of men, working under the work relief programme of the day, were assigned the task of 'decorating' this cave. It has a smooth concrete floor throughout, benches for seating (again in concrete) around the walls, and a series of pillars, each ornamented with a mosaic of broken calcite. A stage is provided at one side, again with the calcite decoration, and the entry to the cave was closed with a wrought iron gate in art nouveau design. The name 'Silver Stocking Cabaret Cave' is now usually applied to it, and is taken from one of the stalactites, which has an imagined resemblance to a woman's leg (South-West 2.2 above). 14. (unidentified) F Photograph with narrow white margin all round and no title. 14.1 (The Elephant's Foot section, Crystal Cave, Yanchep) H K-D(A) 14.2 (The Jewelled City, Crystal Cave, Yanchep) H Blank 14.3 (Reflection, Elephant's Foot, Crystal Cave) K-D [Different view from 14.1] W. Aust. : South-West 15. (unidentified) F Photographs printed in sepia without margin ; title in Script caps and lower case is superimposed on view ; back is completely blank. 15.1 Elephants Foot/Yanchep Caves H 15.2 Native Skeleton/Yanchep Caves H 15.3 Interior Cabaret Cave/Yanchep H 15.4 "The Shrine" Yanchep Caves, W.A. H 15.5 "The Octopus"/Yanchep Caves W.A. V 15.6 "Jewelled City"/Yanchep Caves - W.A. H Also have an envelope enclosing a set of these cards. It is 804 printed in green and titled 'Souvenir of Yanchep 12 Square Miles of Reserve forms a sanctuary for all Fauna and Flora and is an ideal holiday resort for the people.' Below this is a list of the attractions at Yanchep. Regrettably, there is no imprint. A second version has similar wording, but with a more ornate layout, commencing "Souvenir Postcards of . . . / YANCHEP". 16. VALENTINES REAL PHOTO SERIES Pu Valentine Publishing Co.Pty.Ltd., Queen St., Melbourne F Photograph with medium white margin all round ; title in lower margin. Back is V8. 16.1 Cave House, Yallingup, W.A. H 17. "BEAU" SERIES 226 F Full-frame view with title superimposed in script; Series imprint on back. 17.1 The Wishing Well, Lake Cave,/Margaret River, W.A. H 18. (unidentified) F Real photo with medium margins all round ; superimposed title in Script caps and lower case, similar to series 15 above ; back is blank. 18.1 The Shrine - Yanchep Caves - W.A. H 18.2 The Hostel, Yanchep H 19. TILLY'S REAL PHOTO SERIES F Real photo with full frame view and title superimposed Imprint rubberstamped on back as "Tilly's Perth" 19.1 Lake Cave. Margaret River. W.A. V 19.2 "Fairyland" Lake Cave. W.A. H 19.3 Suspended Table, Lake Cave. W.A. V K-D 19.4 "The Wishing Well" Lake Cave. W.A. K-D PERCY SMITH BIGNELL (1875-1954) Bignell not only published some very early postcards of the Yallingup Caves, but in other ways, deserves a place in any discussion of the history of that cave area. He was born in N.S.W., educated at Scotch College, Melbourne, and studied pharmacy as an apprentice under J. Lacey of Melbourne. Then he moved to Busselton to establish his own pharmacy. However, the Yallingup Cave had recently been discovered by Edward Dawson, and he had just cleared a track to the entrance so 804 that he might show it to visitors. Bignell was so impressed with the possibilities of the cave that he started a transport service to the caves, using a single horse and sulky which was hired out on a drive-yourself basis. He had commenced by using a borrowed vehicle, but then purchased his own and employed a driver. Soon it was necessary to use a three-horse (or 'unicorn' - a lead horse and two polers) drag. At this stage, Bignell taught himself to drive the team and turned coachman, although still retaining the pharmacy business. Interestingly, he learned to break horses and to drive his team by purchasing a booklet on the subject from Sydney. W. Aust. : South-West The government in due course set up a formal contract for the transport service to the caves, and this was held by the Bignell family for some 46 years. By 1908, the plant has grown to 36 horses, two brakes, three buggies and two sulkies, together able to carry 40 persons. Trips to the caves were said to have been joyful occasions, despite the fact that everybody ended the day coated in dust. However, the passengers apparently had 'an antidote' for this problem, and the road to Yallingup was marked by the lines of empty bottles ! The, in 1908, Bignell purchased the first motor car of the district. It cost him fifty pounds and had solid tyres, chain drive and magneto ignition. It carried eleven passengers with a roof rack for luggage. Bignell soon decided to drive the vehicle himself, even though he regretted the passing of the horses. He finally sold his pharmacy in 1926 to concentrate on his transport and garage business, and to play a part in local civic affairs. He served a term as Mayor of Busselton, and was active in various sports. The chief of these was certainly bowling, as he was skipper of the State four for a number of years and president of the Busselton Club for 25 years. (D'Arcy-Evans 1946, J. Fitzgibbon, pers. comm.) 20. P.S. BIGNELL SERIES [n.l.1903] Pu P.S. Bignell, Busselton F As Jenolan 1, namely with framed picture occupying L.H. side of card only ; printed in brown ; title is inside frame above and below picture ; imprint at bottom R.H. side of card. 20.1 West Australian Caves/ The Broken Column, Mammoth Cave V [pm.30 Nov.1903) 20.2 West Australian Caves / Eagle Wings V [pm.29 Jan.1912] 20.3 West Australian Caves / Shawl, Yallingup Cave V [pm.23 Jul.1907] Our copy is actually signed by Bignell and notifies the addressee that '. . Mr. S.S. Bignell, Surgeon-dentist, may be consulted at my pharmacy on Friday evening, Saturday, Sunday and Monday until 11 o'clock.' 20.4 West Australian Caves / Suspended Dome H 20.5 West Australian Caves / Meteoric Shower H 804 21. LAMBERT STUDIOS SERIES Pu Lambert Studios F Real photo with title and imprint in white caps & lower case on black lower margin ; back blank 21.1 Cave Scene, Yallingup, W.A. H (has number 55 on card) 21.2 Lake Cave Margaret River H 22. (unidentified) F Sepia real photo, margins all round, no title 22.1 (Lake Cave) H K-D(Z) 23. (unidentified) Pr in Great Britain F Real photo, no margins 23.1 Scene in Prince St., Busselton H [pm.15 Jun.1914] (On the R.H. side of Aitkin & Urwin, General Dealers & Boot Importers, is W.J. Mann, The South-Western News. A board at the end of their canopy over the footpath reads : Government Tourist Agency / Book here for Yallingup and Margaret River Caves.) W. Aust. : South-West 24. ILLUSTRATIONS LTD. SERIES Pu Illustrations Ltd., Perth. F Five small inset photographs are superimposed on a general cave view, and all printed in sepia half-tone. 24.1 The Artistry/of/Nature./Yallingup Caves/W. Australia H [Inset photographs are separately titled : The/Arab's Tent, Varied Formations, The Tusk, A Shawl, Mother O'Pearl.] [ms.18 Sep.1932] 25. J.H. MACDOUGALL SERIES [n.l. 1913] This photographer also worked at Buchan, Victoria (see above). His work is characterised by a lighting style which highlights the fine crystal structure of cave decoration. Ph & Pu J.H. MacDougall F Real photo cards of relatively high quality ; medium margins all round with title and imprint 'Copyright, J.H. MacDougall' in lower margin. Back as indicated or in our illustration. 25.1 The Arab's Tent./Yallingup Cave, W.A. V K-AA 25.2 The Bath Towel./Yallingup Cave, W.A. O3797/2 V [ms. 1913] 25.3 The Mother of Pearl./Yallingup Cave, W.A. 03797/3 V 804 25.4 Grand Entrance./Yallingup Cave, W.A. 03797/4 V 26. W.J. MANN SERIES. Ph W.J. Mann. Pu W.J. Mann, Bookseller and Stationery, Busselton, W.A. Pr Great Britain F Real photo card with superimposed title 26.1 Lover's Walk, Yallingup V 26.2 Cave House, Yallingup V 27. W.J. MANN (ROSE) SERIES No. 2 [n.l. 1928] Ph? W.J. Mann Pu Rose Stereograph Co. F Real photo card with Rose back, but with W.J. Mann imprint on front. 27.1 In the Amphitheatre, Yallingup Cave H R2a [ms. 1928] 27.2 Suspended Table, Lake Cave H R2a 27.3 Yallingup Cave H R2a 27.4 Shadowed Silence Lake Cave H R2a [pm.24 Apr.1935] 27.5 On the Road to Yallingup, W.A. H R2b 27.6 Cave House, Yallingup, W.A. H R2b 27.7 Mysteries, Yallingup Cave H R2a 27.8 Meteoric Shower, Calgardup Cave H R2a 27.9 Shawls, Yallingup Cave V R2a 27.10 Scene in the Mammoth Cave H R2a 27.11 Egyptian Chamber, Mammoth Cave H R2a 28. C.A. PITT Series (n.e. 1930) Pu Souvenirs (Aust.) Ltd. for C.A. Pitt Ltd., Payneham, S.A. F Photogravure with margin all round, title and number in lower margin. 28.2528 "Down the Valley", Caves House, Yallingup, W.A. H [pm.14 Feb.1961] 28.3324 Caves House, Yallingup, W.A. H 29. (unidentified) [1935] F Real photographs, all with narrow margin all round, printed on Kodak backs, with hand-written titles in same hand-writing on back. All but two (see below) dated Sept. 1935. These may be personal photographs (note 29.3 below in particular), but are of fine quality. 804 29.1 Swimming Pool/Children's End Shewing (sic) H K-D 29.2 Path in Boomerang Gorge, Yanchep H K-D 29.3a Old Tuart on Road to/Silver Stocking Cabaret/Yanchep H (the Tuart is a species of Eucalyptus) K-D 29.3b One of the many beautiful spots at/the Western Wonderland. Yanchep./Sturdy, with arms outstretched, like someone you know/ 6/2/'37 H K-D 29.4 South End of Lake/"The Outlook" H K-D [a pencil note below title reads (accurately) 'The Outlet'] 29.5 Early Photo of Lake Front./ Now Called/Loch McNess/ Yanchep H K-D 29.6 Main entrance/Silver Stocking Cabaret/Yanchep H K-D 29.7 Lagoons which feed Swimming Pool/under Construction/ Yanchep H K-D 29.8 Exterior of Silver Stocking Cabaret/Yanchep H K-D 29.9 The Hostel/Yanchep H [with pencil note : 'The Ideal Holiday Spot'] K-D 29.10 Office & Staff Quarters/Yanchep V K-D 29.11 Path through "Boomerang" Gorge V [with further note in same handwriting : Xmas Greetings from/Yanchep/Wishing you all the best/"Della" 25/12/35] K-D 29.12 Elephant Hoof/Crystal Cave/Yanchep H K-D 29.13 The Purple Mound/Yonderup Cave/Yanchep H K-D(A) 29.14 Scene in Pantheon Cave/Crystal End/Yanchep V K-D(A) 30. (unidentified) F Real photo with medium margins and title superimposed in white Roman Caps.; back is blank (A) or rubber- stamped in the same style as series 12. 30A.1 Inn, Yanchep, W.A. H [ms.15 Sep.1951] 30A.5 Gloucester Lodge,/Yanchep, W.A. H 30B.1 Inn, Yanchep, W.A. H 30B.2 Loch McNess,/Yanchep, W.A. H 30B.3 Ornamental Lakes, Yanchep, W.A. H 30B.4 Swimming Pool,/ Yanchep, W.A. H 31. (Unidentified) F Full-frame real photo, perhaps personal. 31.1 [Caves House, Yallingup] H [ms.20 Jul.1913] Message on back, addressed to 'Dear Aunt', says : 'This is where I work. I am engineer in charge of the electric lighting plant that lights up the hotel & Caves and also three motor cars which we run a motor service with between here and the nearest railway station which is 20 miles away. This place is kept specially for tourists so when you come over this way you can come spend a month or two down here. It is only 51 miles away from Bunbury and that only 804 seems to me a stone throw as I can get there in less than three hours in one of the cars. I will send you some more P.C. of the caves later on to show you what they are like. Best Wishes, Arthur Baldock.' 32. (Unidentified) F Lightly printed sepia cards which are obviously a reproduction from series 2 above. We have allocated similar numbers. 32.8 is on a back similar to many Kerry cards, e.g. 6B, and 32.12 is on a multi-lingual back with a trademark of 'H.K. & M.' contained in an easel. 32.8 "Suspended Table"/Lake Cave/Western Australia V [ms.21 Dec.1908] 32.12 View from Cave House/Yallingup (Western Australia) V [pm.6 Jul.1909] 33. (Unidentified) (n.e. 1930) Pu In U.S.A. (!) F Photo-mechanical print with title in lower margin ; back cites U.S. postage rates. 33.1 Caves House, Yallingup W.A. H This is a rather remarkable card, as one wonders why a U.S. publisher would produce it. The only explanation which seems likely is that its publication related to U.S. Servicemen being based in the region. It shows the new hotel as re- built after the 1930 fire. 34. (Unidentified) F Sepia collotype (?) full-frame view with Caves House in distance and lady standing on footbridge to beach. Title superimposed in darker brown ; Simple back with "This space may be used for Correspondence' and 'The Address Only to be Written Here'. 34.1 Caves House, Yallingup H 35. FORD STUDIO Series Pu & Pr Ford Studios, Bunbury F Real photo with title and imprint heavily impressed in gold ink (A) or without title and embossed imprint (B) 35A.1 Suspended Table,/Lake Cave H [ms.1913] Empire 35A.2 Meteoric Shower, Calgardup Cave V Empire [ms.16 Nov.1913] 35A.3a Drooping Hand, Yallingup Cave, W.A. Empire (Title at upper edge) 35A.3b Drooping Hand, Yallingup Cave, W.A. Empire (Title at lower edge) 804 35A.4 Salt Pillar, Yallingup Cave V Empire 35A.5 Shawl, Yallingup Cave V Empire 35A.6 Mother of Pearl, Yallingup Cave V Empire 35A.7 The Shawls, Yallingup Cave, W.A. H Empire 35A.8 Egyptian Chamber, Lake Cave, W.A. H Empire (also has embossed imprint) 35B.2 [Meteoric Shower, Calgardup Cave] V Empire 35B.9 (unidentified view) V K-D 35B.10 (unidentified view) H K-D 35B.11 (unidentified view) H K-D 35B.12 (unidentified view) H K-D These four unidentified views all have the ms. title 'Yallingup Cave' on the back. 36. (Unidentified) F Real photo framed to oval with title around upper edge of image 36.1 Folded Shawls, Yallingup Cave, W.A. K-D PERSONAL POSTCARDS We have a number of cards which we assume to be personal photographs printed on postcard backs. One fine card shows two men a woman and three children sitting proudly in a car, and the writing on the back says Self and Motor / Taken Caves House, Yallingup / 20 miles from Busselton / 1912. None of the following have a title on the front of the card ; all have the photograph surrounded by a medium white margin all round. All have various Kodak backs as listed. The first series of four are quite amateurish in composition and lighting and have no inscriptions : - [Distant view of the suspended table, Lake Cave, Margaret River.] H K-D(S) - [Stalactites in Lake Cave.] H K-D(7) - [Stalactites on cave roof. (Yallingup Cave ?)] H K-D(U) - [View of a room in a cave.] H K-D(H) Another card has a similar view to the first above, but is of slightly better quality and printed on a K-D(2) back. A further two cards, of somewhat better quality, show Yanchep and are dated 15/9/36. These are of somewhat similar style and format to 29 above, but handwriting is quite different. - A scene in the / Yonderup Cave,/ Yanchep V K-D - ("Pluto's Pillar") Yonderup Cave / A scene in the Yonderup Cave, / Yanchep V K-D A single card labelled in manuscript 'Crystal Caves 1958', on the K-D(A) back. A single card labelled in manuscript 'Lake Cave / Margaret River' on the K-D back. `}<04 W. Aust. : Nullarbor The Nullarbor Plain, covering some 200,000 sq. kms. in both Western Australia and South Australia has a large number of caves, many of which are of outstanding scientific value. None are readily accessible to the public, although a considerable number of people do visit Weebubbie Cave, near Eucla. This cave is one of great beauty, with a deep but clear lake in an immense room of white chalky limestone. Although discovered in the late 19th. century by a party from the overland telegraph station at Eucla, it only became widely known as a result of the expeditions of Captain J. Maitland Thomson in the 1930's. It is possible that the photograph used in card 1.2 described here is one of his, although there is no acknowledgement. That used in 1.1 is probably by A.G. Bolam. For further details, see Bolam, A.G. (1923), Dunkley & Wigley (1967), or Lowry & Jennings (1974). 1. COMMONWEALTH RAILWAYS SERIES Pu Rose Stereograph Company for the Commonwealth Railways. F Front of card looks like a typical Rose series card, with photograph surrounded by white margin and title in lower margin. Has imprint 'Rose Series' together with a numeral as below. Various backs occur : A - headed 'Trans-Australian Railway' (not underlined) and has a short descriptive paragraph. B - as above, but heading underlined C - ornate back without any descriptive paragraph. 1.1 W.4 Cave Owl V (back B) (This owl is the desert-living form of the Masked Owl, Tyto novaehollandiae, and was first described as a cave-dweller of the Nullarbor by Neville Cayley, the famous painter of birds who was also responsible for many postcards. This owl has not been seen in the Nullarbor Caves for many years, and has probably died out.) 1.2 W.5 (Weebubbie) Cave, Nullarbor Plain. (Backs A,B) Known in both B. & W. and several Sepia printings. One of the latter is more strongly printed than the B. & W. version and cannot be due to fading, while another has different lettering and is printed on matt paper. 604 W. Aust. : Nullarbor (We include the next two cards as they show the surface terrain of the Nullarbor, unusual amongst karst areas for its lack of surface relief.) 1.3 W.14 Nullarbor Plain - traversed for 420 miles H (back C) 1.4 W.15 For over 300 miles line runs without a curve H (back C) [pm.27 Jan.1923] W. Aust. : Albany Massive outcrops of granite occur along the coast in the vicinity of Albany. As is commonplace, this granite has been sculptured by solution and exfoliation into a variety of forms. One of the well-known features of the region is a large natural arch or bridge - often perceived as a form of cave. IDENTIFICATION GUIDE : One man standing on L.H. end of Bridge - printed in Germany (B & W) 1 - printed in Australia - printer not identified 2 - by Osboldstone & Co., Melbourne 3 - printed in Britain - title in Roman caps 4 - title in Italic caps & lower case 5 Five men on bridge 6 Seven people on R.H. end of bridge 7 1. (unidentified) Pr In Germany (collotype) F View printed without margin ; superimposed title in caps. & lower case at top L.H. corner; printer imprint on back. 1.1 Natural Bridge, Caves, Albany, W.A. H 2. (unidentified) Pr in Australia F as 1, but in colour with title in red. 804 2.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) 3. OSBOLDSTONE & Co. Pr in Melbourne F as 1, but title centered in red ; logo on back. 3.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) 4. (unidentified) Pr 'British Manufacture' F Full-frame view with title superimposed in white Roman caps at lower L.H. corner. 4.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) 5. (unidentified) Pr 'British Manufacture' / Printed in Great Britain F Full-frame view in sepia (A) or colour (B) with title superimposed in white italic script at lower L.H. corner. 5A.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) 5B.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (s.n.a. 1.1) W. Aust. : Albany 6. F.E. MORGAN SERIES [n.l. 1909] Pu F.E. Morgan, Albany Pr In Germany (Collotype) F Full-frame view with superimposed title in Italic script at centre top ; printer imprint at bottom(A) or on back (B) 6A.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H (control mark 1043) 6B.1 SAME (control mark 08 9507) [pm.18 Dec.1909] 7. F.E. MORGAN SERIES Pu F.E. Morgan, Albany Pr In England (photogravure) F View with wide white frame, title in lower frame 7.1 Natural Bridge, Albany, W.A. H 7.2 as 6.1 but 'Greetings/from/Albany, W.A.' superimposed 804 in red. 8. TUCK SERIES Ph L.C. (initials on card) ? Pu Raphael Tuck & Sons Ltd. Pr In England F Collotype in both B & W (A) and colour (B) with title and Tuck trademark (easel, palette & brushes) in lower L.H. corner. Note : Trademark is only identification on card. 8A.1 Granite Cliffs, Cave Point/Albany, W.A. V 8B.1 Granite Cliffs, Cave Point/Albany, W.A. V cation on card. 8A.1 Granite Cliffs, Cave Point/Albany, W.A. V